1452-1519 -Leonardo Da Vinci used a camera Obscura to create 3D drawings
1724- Johann Heinrich Schultz the darkening in sunlight of various substances mixed with silver nitrate is due to the light, not the heat as other experimenters believed, and for using the phenomenon to temporarily capture shadows.
1826- Joseph Nicephore Niepse - View from the Window at Le Gras
1833- Louis Daguerre created the Daguerrotype
1840- Henry Fox Talbot
1840- An example of a Calotype print
1870- Gelatin Dry Plate camera
1871-Richard Leach Maddox was an English photographer and physician who invented lightweight gelatin negative plates for photography
1877- Edwaerd Muybridge
1877-Edwaerd Muybridge used multiple cameras to capture motion in stop-motion photographs, and his zoopraxiscope, a device for projecting motion pictures that pre-dated the flexible perforated film strip used in cinematography.
1885-George Eastman
1885-George Eastman's rolled film
1925-Leica Camera and Oscar Barnak used the prototype camera he developed, today known as the Ur-Leica, for photography.
1975-Steve Sasson went to work for Kodak in 1973, The New York Times reports. He was tasked with figuring out whether a “charged coupled device” (C.C.D.) had any practical application.
Camera Obscura
Camera obscura, ancestor of the photographic camera. The earliest versions, dating to antiquity, consisted of small darkened rooms with light admitted through a single tiny hole. The result was that an inverted image of the outside scene was cast on the opposite wall, which was usually whitened. For centuries the technique was used for viewing eclipses of the Sun without endangering the eyes and, by the 16th century, as an aid to drawing; the subject was posed outside and the image reflected on a piece of drawing paper for the artist to trace. Portable versions were built, followed by smaller and even pocket models; the interior of the box was painted black and the image reflected by an angled mirror so that it could be viewed right side up.
Shutter Speed
1'' we used the 1'' shutter speed to blur motion so some things in the frame are blurred , the 1" shutter speed is not going to be able to capture fast movements for example shaking your head or jump so is going to create a blur in the photo.
1/200
we used the 1/200 shutter speed to capture fast movements so the photo is not going to be blurry and is really useful when the photo is taken outside in bright light so the photo won't get overexposed.
Natsumi Hayashi
Natsumi Hayashi is a photographer who lives in Tokyo, Japan. She is well known as Yowayowa Camera Woman and has been featured an abundance of coverage in the New York Times. The majority of her work is levitating self-portraits. Hayashi says her photos are meant to emphasise the natural flow of time. She doesn't jump, but adjusts the position her arms and legs are in, in order to actually make it look like she is floating through the air. Natsumi has given the illusion of levitation by standing in a natural stance, while she uses a fast shutter speed of at least 1/500 of a second to freeze the action clearly. Natsumi captures her effortless mid-air poses using a ten second timer to ensure she gets into position.
We shoot with a shutter speed of 1/200- 1/500 of a second . I used a fast shutter speed to ensure to capture the subject in mid-air- without it blurring and freeze the action clearly, then she did some poses to look like they are flying : for example, stretching, jumping, and make sure the model have a straight face to give the impression of levitation, not jumping.
EBI: she could do different poses to make the photographs more interesting ,jump with their feet flat to give the impression of levitation and not actually jumping. WWW: she had a straight face so it gives the impression that she is not jumping and when she pose her body completely froze so we had a clear shot.
FRANCESCA WOODMAN
Providence Rhode Island-Francesca Woodman Francesca Woodman’s work is also characterized by her use of long shutter speed and double exposure, the blurred image creating a sense of movement,in the two first photos she is sitting down and the only thing is moving is her upper body , this creates a feeling that she is not an actual person but a ghost. in the last photo she is now standing and moving her hole body towards and give an impression that she is flying because you cannot see her legs properly and the background is steel.
www:In those three photos I used a long shutter speed and she was moving her hole body so we can create a sense of movement of the person but not the background and photoshop the photos in black and white. EBI:we could use a tripod so the background would be steel and not moving.
Composition
Composition refers to the arrangement of elements used. In photography, it means paying attention to what will be photographed, how it is placed in relationship to other objects in the image, and how well the subject matter is expressed.
WWW:The photos that I took look pretty similar with the ones above and I edit the photos black and white.
EBI:The camera was supposed to be more focused when the pictures were taken and I should've edit them more so the photos would have a nice shape.
Aperture
shutter speed:1/250 aperture:F5 ISO:1600
shutter speed: 1/10 aperture:F36 ISO:1600
One of the most important things in aperture is the brightness, or exposure, of the photos . As aperture changes in size, it alters the overall amount of light that reaches your camera sensor and therefore the brightness of the photo.A large aperture (a wide opening) will pass a lot of light, resulting in a brighter photograph. A small aperture does just the opposite, making a photo darker.The other critical effect of aperture is depth of field. Depth of field is the amount of your photograph that appears sharp from front to back. Some images have a thin depth of field, where the background is completely out of focus. Other images have a large depth of field, where both the foreground and background are sharp.
www: the shutter speed and the aperture in both of the photos were in the right size so the first photo was completely focused and the second out of focus.
Rule of Thirds
The rule of thirds is a type of composition in which an image is divided evenly into thirds, both horizontally and vertically, and the subject of the image is placed at the intersection of those dividing lines, or along one of the lines itself. this grid in mind the ‘rule of thirds’ identifies four important parts of the image that you should consider placing points of interest in as you frame your image it also gives you four ‘lines’ that are also useful positions for elements in the photo.
Gifs
Burning House
List of items: backpack umbrella watch phone shoes jacket glasses bottle of water wallet glass case
The Burning House is a project by American photographer Robert Holden that documents the precious items we would take with us if our house was burning down. This series of photographs encapsulates the interests, backgrounds and priorities of its subjects in a mere handful of items.
David hockney- Photojoiners
David Hockney is connected to the vorticist (Pop Art, Impressionist, Vorticist) art movement. This movement was interested in responding to portraiture (Portraiture, Popular Culture, Poverty) Hockney created photojoiners (installation, a cookbook, photojoiners). Photographs are taken of the same object from different perspectives. The images are then collaged (collaged, painted, burned) together to recreate the place, person or object even though they may look distorted. This work connects with the cubist (Futurist, Abstract Expressionist, Cubist) movement, one of Hockney's major aims.
In the 1980s, Hockney began to experiment with the photographic medium. Taking numerous polaroid or 35mm photographs of a scene from a variety of perspectives, Hockney would then arrange the collection of images into a cohesive body, creating an almost Cubist rendering of visual reality. He called these collages and photo montages joiners.
Andre Kertesz
The subject matter of this photography is simply two forks next to each other.I used shapes and shadows by placing the forks on an angle. By putting the forks next to each other , the subject matter has created a shadow. The Background of the photo seems to be a flat surface of a table, where as the foreground is two forks.
An example of Andre Kertesz's work:
Edward Weston
An example of Edward Weston's work
Weston created a high-resolution photo that relies on the object itself for visual interest, rather than manipulating the surface quality of the image as pictorial photographers did. Cabbage leaf in particular is imbued with a Surrealist quality in that it depicts an everyday object with great precision and yet makes the viewer aware of an otherness or strangeness that we do not typically associate with it.
Chad Pitman and Lauren Marek
An example of Chad Pitman and Lauren Marek's work:
my example:
Development
Steve Purnell
Steve Purnell work is inspired by Op art a movement of visual art that makes use of optical illusions. In the images he uses striped backgrounds and also projected images that are then distorted through water that is placed in bottles and glasses.